Four Quadrants Operation Of Electrical Drive With Simple Diagram
The theory four quadrant operation of electrical drive is more important and necessary for before learning of electrical drive and electrical machine control.
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| Four Quadrant Operation Of Electrical Drive |
The name suggest the operation is done in all four quadrant. There is a different operation in all the four quadrant. All the operations are explain below in very simple language so all are easily understand this operation.
1.
Quadrant 1
Operation : Forward Motoring
2.
Quadrant 2
Operation : Forward Braking
3.
Quadrant 3
Operation : Reverse Motoring
4.
Quadrant 4
Operation : Reverse Braking
So that type of motoring and braking operations are done in four quadrant.
Now we can learn all the quadrant operation by using example of hoist.
Consider A simple hoist mechanism like that below image 👇
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| Four Quadrants Operation Of Electrical Drive With Simple Diagram |
If we show in upper image than we saw that when motor rotate in anticlockwise direction than the motor is lift the hoist cage in upper direction.
Now let assume,
Tm = Torque of Motor
TL = Torque of Load
W(omega) = angular velocity
The four quadrant operation using hoist mechanism is shown in below figure.
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| Four Quadrants Operation Of Electrical Drive With Simple Diagram |
Now we learn explanation of operation of hoist mechanism in all the four quadrant.
Quadrant 1
In this quadrant Tm (torque) and W ( angular velocity) are both positive. So by power equation
P = T W
Power will be positive.
Here, P is the power.
T is the torque
W is the angular speed
Means we tell that the drive received power from the supply and power will be positive.
This type of operation is known as forward motoring action in forward direction. So by using this power the hoist cage is lifted and electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy.
You can see this operation in upper figure and easily understand this operation.
In this quadrant Tm (torque) and W ( angular velocity) are both positive. So by power equation
P = T W
Power will be positive.
Here, P is the power.
T is the torque
W is the angular speed
Means we tell that the drive received power from the supply and power will be positive.
This type of operation is known as forward motoring action in forward direction. So by using this power the hoist cage is lifted and electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy.
You can see this operation in upper figure and easily understand this operation.
Quadrant 2
In this quadrant Tm (torque) is negative and W (angular velocity) is positive. So by power equation,
P = (- T ) W
Power will be negative.
Means power is delivered to the source from the motor, This operation is also known as regenerative braking.
So, In this operation, the hoist cage is empty and due to gravitational force counter weight is goes down.
Quadrant 3
In this quadrant both Tm and L are negative. So all over power is make positive by power equation
P = (- Tm) ( -W )
So power will be positive.
This operation is called motoring operation in opposite direction and also known as reverse motoring.
Quadrant 4
In this quadrant Tm ( torque ) is positive and W ( angular velocity ) is negative.
So by power equation,
P = Tm ( - W )
So power will be negative.
It's operation is also called regenerative braking in reverse direction.
In this quadrant Tm (torque) is negative and W (angular velocity) is positive. So by power equation,
P = (- T ) W
Power will be negative.
Means power is delivered to the source from the motor, This operation is also known as regenerative braking.
So, In this operation, the hoist cage is empty and due to gravitational force counter weight is goes down.
Quadrant 3
In this quadrant both Tm and L are negative. So all over power is make positive by power equation
P = (- Tm) ( -W )
So power will be positive.
This operation is called motoring operation in opposite direction and also known as reverse motoring.
Quadrant 4
In this quadrant Tm ( torque ) is positive and W ( angular velocity ) is negative.
So by power equation,
P = Tm ( - W )
So power will be negative.
It's operation is also called regenerative braking in reverse direction.
