Construction of Transformer || Electrical Machine Theory ||

Construction of Transformer || Electrical Machine Theory ||

Construction of Transformer || Electrical Machine Theory 


Transformer is the static electrical device which transfer the electrical energy from one electrical circuit to another electrical circuit at the same frequency.


Transformer is used for step up or step down the voltage. It operates only on ac supply.


There are mainly two types of transformer


1. Core type transformer

2. Shell type transformer


These two types of Transformer is described below:


1. Core Type Transformer


In core type transformer, winding are wound on two opposite limbs.


Here these two opposite vertical section is called limbs and two horizontal section is called yokes.


The low voltage winding of the transformer is kept nearest to the core and high voltage winding is placed on it.


This type of construction is provides better magnetic coupling between primary winding and secondary winding.


construction of  core type transformer 



The shape of winding of core type transformer is cylindrical and also it called concentric winding.


There are three shapes are used in lamination for core type transformer which is U shape, I shape and L shape and that is shown in below image.


Shape of lamination of core type transformer



For better mechanical strength there is a circular cylindrical coil are used in core type transformer


Low voltage winding is wound nearer to the core so that can be easy to insulate.


Advantages Of Core Type Transformer

  • Construction of core type transformer is simple
  • Maintenance is easy than the shell type transformer
  • Natural cooling
  • Coils can be easily removed from maintenance.

2. Shell Type Transformer


In the shell type transformer both windings are wound on central limb. And other two opposite limbs provides low reluctance path.

Construction of Shell type Transformer

Sandwich type winding is used in shell type transformer.


Top and bottom coils are always provide nearest to the yoke of the core.


Here Four types of lamination shape for shell type transformer is used. Shape U and T or E and I is used.


Shape of lamination of shell type transformer

Advantages of Shell type transformer


  • Mechanical protection of the winding is better.
  • Sandwich Type winding is used 

Disadvantages of Shell type Transformer

  • Maintenance of the winding is difficult because winding is mounted on central limb.
  • Natural cooling is not good.



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